﻿---
title: "花只开一次吗？"
description: "桃花落了，明年春天又开满树，那花到底开一次还是开很多次？我们从一朵花为什么会谢讲起，讲到年年开的桃树、开个不停的月季，再到攒了几十年才开一次花的竹子。"
pubDate: 2026-10-29
tags: ["植物", "花", "小实验"]
clc: "Q94"
hero: "./hero.svg"
refs:
  - id: tanhua
    title: Epiphyllum oxypetalum（昙花）
    url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphyllum_oxypetalum
    site: Wikipedia
    note: "昙花在夜里开，天亮之前就谢了"
  - id: morning
    title: Morning glory（牵牛花）
    url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morning_glory
    site: Wikipedia
    note: "大多数牵牛花清早开放，到上午晚些时候就开始卷起、凋谢"
  - id: waterlily
    title: Water Lily (Nymphaea cultivars)
    url: https://www.gardensbythebay.com.sg/en/learn-with-us/explore-resources/whats-blooming/water-lily-nymphaea-cultivars.html
    site: 新加坡滨海湾花园
    note: "睡莲的一朵花连着三四天，每天开、每天合"
  - id: semel
    title: Semelparity and iteroparity
    url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semelparity_and_iteroparity
    site: Wikipedia
    note: "一年生植物一季走完一辈子、一生只结一次籽；多年生植物大多年年开花结籽；龙舌兰、一些竹子活很多年却只开一次花"
  - id: rose
    title: 树木传奇 | 月季花：月月花开不言败
    url: https://www.peopleapp.com/rmharticle/30026557255
    site: 人民日报客户端（来源：中国绿色时报）
    author: 杜荣
    date: 2022-02-18
    note: "古书说月季“逐月一开，四时不绝”；引杨万里《腊前月季》“只道花无十日红，此花无日不春风”"
  - id: bamboo
    title: 101岁的“大熊猫记者”走了，他用半生光阴做了一个选题
    url: https://cbgc.scol.com.cn/news/7577532
    site: 川观新闻
    date: 2026-05-11
    note: "引 1983 年《四川日报》报道：竹子开花周期一般五六十年，开花结实后陆续枯死，十年左右才能恢复；卧龙等地冷箭竹成片开花，大熊猫面临危机"
  - id: agave
    title: The death bloom of a century plant
    url: https://ag.purdue.edu/news/2026/08/the-death-bloom-of-a-century-plant.html
    site: 普渡大学农学院
    author: Lindsey Berebitsky
    date: 2026-08-12
    note: "一棵龙舌兰攒了约 30 年养分，抽出 42 英尺（约 13 米）高的花茎，开完花就死了"
---

春天，小区里的桃树开了满满一树花。过一两个星期再去看，花瓣落了一地，枝头只剩绿叶。可是到了明年春天，这棵桃树又会开满花。

这就让人糊涂了：**花到底是只开一次，还是会开很多次？**

<div class="box">
<span class="box-title">先想一想</span>

你见过哪种花开得特别短？哪种花好像一年到头都在开？有没有一辈子只开一次花的植物？
</div>

这个问题其实要分成两半回答：**一朵花**开几回，和**一棵植物**开几回，是两件事。

## 一、一朵花，开过就谢了

花不是开给我们看的。对植物来说，花是用来结种子的。

蜜蜂、蝴蝶或者风，会把花粉从一朵花带到另一朵花上，这件事叫作**传粉**。传完粉，花瓣的任务就完成了，它们慢慢枯萎、掉落。花瓣下面那个小小的鼓包会一天天长大，变成果实，里面藏着种子。桃花谢了，枝头就会冒出毛茸茸的小桃子。

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<desc id="fl-life-desc">从左到右四个样子：粉色的花苞；花开了，一只蜜蜂飞过来传粉；花瓣一片片落下，中间只剩一个小小的绿色鼓包；鼓包长大，变成毛茸茸的小桃子，旁边长出了绿叶。</desc>
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<figcaption>图 1 · 一朵花开过、传完粉就谢了，花瓣下面的鼓包长成果实</figcaption>
</figure>

所以，**一朵花通常只开一回**。只是有的开得久，有的开得短。

昙花最着急。它在夜里开，雪白的花瓣慢慢张开，天还没亮就垂下头谢了[^tanhua]。成语“昙花一现”，说的就是它。牵牛花赶早，太阳刚出来就开，到了上午晚些时候就卷起来了[^morning]。

睡莲的一朵花看起来能“开好几回”：它连着三四天，白天张开，中午前后合上，第二天再张开[^waterlily]。不过数一数，这还是同一朵花的一回，几天后它就谢了，开始结籽。

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<path class="dd-sunray" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M662.7 74 L658.7 74"/>
<path class="dd-sunray" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M665.6 66.9 L662.8 64.1"/>
<path class="dd-sunray" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M672.7 64 L672.7 60"/>
<path class="dd-sunray" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M679.7 66.9 L682.6 64.1"/>
<text class="t-note" x="672.7" y="104" text-anchor="middle">第 3 天</text>
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<text class="t-note" x="410.7" y="104" text-anchor="middle">半夜</text>
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<text class="t-note" x="585.3" y="104" text-anchor="middle">半夜</text>
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<text class="t-label" x="104" y="156">昙花</text>
<text class="t-tell" x="385.2" y="134">晚上开，天亮前就谢了</text>
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<text class="t-label" x="104" y="214">牵牛花</text>
<text class="t-tell" x="268.8" y="192">清早开，上午就卷起来</text>
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<text class="t-label" x="104" y="272">睡莲</text>
<text class="t-tell" x="290.6" y="250">一朵花连着三天，白天开、中午合</text>
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</svg>
</div>
<figcaption>图 2 · 有的花开一夜，有的开一早上，睡莲能连开三天，但都只是一朵花的一回（开放的时刻是大概的）</figcaption>
</figure>

**一朵花只开一回，那桃树明年为什么还能再开？**

## 二、一棵植物，能开很多回

因为明年开的，是新长出来的花。

植物过日子有两种办法。向日葵、凤仙花春天发芽，夏天开花，秋天结了籽，自己就枯死了。它们一辈子只有一年，叫**一年生植物**。明年的向日葵，是从种子里重新长出来的[^semel]。

桃树、梅树、玉兰就不一样。它们能活很多年，每年开完花，枝条上又会长出新的花芽，冬天藏着，春天再开。这种能活好多年的，叫**多年生植物**。

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<div class="dd-scroll">
<svg class="dd-svg" viewBox="0 0 800 320" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" aria-labelledby="fl-years-title fl-years-desc">
<title id="fl-years-title">一年生的向日葵和多年生的桃树</title>
<desc id="fl-years-desc">左边是向日葵的一年：春天发芽，夏天开花，秋天结了籽，整株枯死。右边是同一棵桃树，第一年、第二年、第三年的春天都开满了花。</desc>
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<rect class="dd-zone" x="16" y="16" width="376" height="288" rx="8"/><text class="t-zone" x="36" y="44">一年生：向日葵</text><text class="t-note" x="372" y="44" text-anchor="end">一年走完一辈子</text>
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class="dd-lead" d="M482.4 158.2 L482.4 156.4"/><circle class="f-o" cx="482.4" cy="156.4" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M483.2 158.5 L484.3 157"/><circle class="f-o" cx="484.3" cy="157" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M483.7 159.2 L485.5 158.6"/><circle class="f-o" cx="485.5" cy="158.6" r="1.3"/>
<text class="t-label" x="484" y="288" text-anchor="middle">第 1 年春天</text>
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r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M594.2 146.4 L594.2 144.6"/><circle class="f-o" cx="594.2" cy="144.6" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M595 146.7 L596.1 145.2"/><circle class="f-o" cx="596.1" cy="145.2" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M595.5 147.4 L597.3 146.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="597.3" cy="146.8" r="1.3"/>
<text class="t-label" x="596" y="288" text-anchor="middle">第 2 年春天</text>
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class="dd-lead" d="M722 122.6 L722 120.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="722" cy="120.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M722.8 122.9 L723.9 121.4"/><circle class="f-o" cx="723.9" cy="121.4" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M723.3 123.6 L725.1 123"/><circle class="f-o" cx="725.1" cy="123" r="1.3"/><g transform="translate(690 142)"><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(0)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(72)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(144)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(216)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(288)"/></g><circle style="fill:var(--dd-spec-y);fill-opacity:.5;stroke:var(--dd-spec-o);stroke-width:1" cx="690" cy="142" r="1.4"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M691.3 142.4 L693.1 143"/><circle class="f-o" cx="693.1" cy="143" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M690.8 143.1 L691.9 144.6"/><circle class="f-o" cx="691.9" cy="144.6" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M690 143.4 L690 145.2"/><circle class="f-o" cx="690" cy="145.2" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M689.2 143.1 L688.1 144.6"/><circle class="f-o" cx="688.1" cy="144.6" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M688.7 142.4 L686.9 143"/><circle class="f-o" cx="686.9" cy="143" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M688.7 141.6 L686.9 141"/><circle class="f-o" cx="686.9" cy="141" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M689.2 140.9 L688.1 139.4"/><circle class="f-o" cx="688.1" cy="139.4" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M690 140.6 L690 138.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="690" cy="138.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M690.8 140.9 L691.9 139.4"/><circle class="f-o" cx="691.9" cy="139.4" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M691.3 141.6 L693.1 141"/><circle class="f-o" cx="693.1" cy="141" r="1.3"/><g transform="translate(726 146)"><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(0)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(72)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(144)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(216)"/><ellipse 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class="dd-lead" d="M726 144.6 L726 142.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="726" cy="142.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M726.8 144.9 L727.9 143.4"/><circle class="f-o" cx="727.9" cy="143.4" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M727.3 145.6 L729.1 145"/><circle class="f-o" cx="729.1" cy="145" r="1.3"/><g transform="translate(706 136)"><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(0)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(72)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(144)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-3.7" rx="2.9" ry="3.7" transform="rotate(216)"/><ellipse 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class="dd-lead" d="M706 134.6 L706 132.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="706" cy="132.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M706.8 134.9 L707.9 133.4"/><circle class="f-o" cx="707.9" cy="133.4" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M707.3 135.6 L709.1 135"/><circle class="f-o" cx="709.1" cy="135" r="1.3"/>
<text class="t-label" x="708" y="288" text-anchor="middle">第 3 年春天</text>
</svg>
</div>
<figcaption>图 3 · 向日葵开完一季、结了籽就枯了；桃树能活很多年，每年春天都开（示意图）</figcaption>
</figure>

最勤快的要数月季。桃花一年只开一季，月季却从春天开到深秋，一茬谢了又冒一茬。古书里说它“逐月一开，四时不绝”，就是每个月都开、一年四季不断。宋朝诗人杨万里夸它：“只道花无十日红，此花无日不春风。”[^rose]人们都说花红不过十天，这种花却天天像在春风里开着。

秘密在它的新枝上。月季的花开在新枝条的顶上。一朵花谢了，剪掉残花，下面叶子和枝条相连的地方，就会冒出一根新枝，新枝顶上又长出花苞。

<figure class="dd dd-figure">
<div class="dd-scroll">
<svg class="dd-svg" viewBox="0 0 800 360" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" aria-labelledby="fl-rose-title fl-rose-desc">
<title id="fl-rose-title">月季的花开在新枝上</title>
<desc id="fl-rose-desc">一根月季枝条。顶上开过的花用虚线画出，表示已经剪掉。下面一片叶子和枝条相连的地方，长出一根新的绿枝，新枝顶上开着一朵新的月季花；再往下的叶子旁边，又冒出一个小芽。</desc>
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<rect class="dd-zone" x="16" y="16" width="768" height="328" rx="8"/><text class="t-zone" x="36" y="44">月季为什么开个不停</text><text class="t-note" x="764" y="44" text-anchor="end">示意图</text>
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<path class="dd-lead" d="M196 160 L284 160"/><circle class="dd-lead-dot" cx="287" cy="160" r="2.5"/>
<text class="t-label" x="190" y="165" text-anchor="end">① 剪掉开过的花</text>
<path class="dd-lead" d="M308 200 L470 214"/><circle class="dd-lead-dot" cx="305" cy="200" r="2.5"/>
<text class="t-label" x="476" y="220">② 叶子旁边冒出新枝</text>
<path class="dd-lead" d="M416 92 L470 92"/><circle class="dd-lead-dot" cx="412" cy="92" r="2.5"/>
<text class="t-label" x="476" y="97">③ 新枝顶上开出新花</text>
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<text class="t-tell" x="190" y="259" text-anchor="end">又冒出一个新芽</text>
</svg>
</div>
<figcaption>图 4 · 月季的每一朵花也只开一回，可它不停地长新枝，新枝顶上又开新花</figcaption>
</figure>

月季的每一朵花，其实也只开一回，只是它不停地长新枝、开新花。

**那有没有植物，一辈子真的只开一次花？**

## 三、攒了几十年，只开一回

有，竹子就是。

很多竹子要长五六十年才开一次花。开完花、结了籽，整片竹林就会慢慢枯死，要十来年才能重新长起来[^bamboo]。1983 年，四川卧龙一带的冷箭竹成片开花。冷箭竹是大熊猫的主食，大熊猫一下子没了口粮，人们赶紧想办法给它们送吃的[^bamboo]。

还有一种叫龙舌兰的植物，叶子又厚又尖，围成一大圈。它要长十几年到三十年，才从正中间抽出一根花茎[^agave]。花茎长得飞快，有好几层楼高，上面开满黄色的小花。花开完，这棵龙舌兰就死了。

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<title id="fl-once-title">竹子和龙舌兰，一辈子只开一次花</title>
<desc id="fl-once-desc">左边：一片绿色的竹子长了几十年，开花以后，竹竿上挂满一串串小花，竹子变得干枯。右边：龙舌兰的厚叶子围成一圈，中间抽出一根很高的花茎，开满黄色的小花，旁边站着的小朋友只有它的一小截高。</desc>
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<text class="t-tell" x="92" y="306" text-anchor="middle">攒了几十年</text>
<text class="t-tell" x="274" y="306" text-anchor="middle">开花、结籽，然后枯死</text>
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<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(-55)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -39.6 0 -72 Q6.3 -39.6 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -66"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(-30)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -45.1 0 -82 Q6.3 -45.1 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -76"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(-10)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -38.5 0 -70 Q6.3 -38.5 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -64"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(10)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -40.7 0 -74 Q6.3 -40.7 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -68"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(32)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -44.0 0 -80 Q6.3 -44.0 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -74"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(56)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -38.5 0 -70 Q6.3 -38.5 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -64"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(80)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -30.800000000000004 0 -56 Q6.3 -30.800000000000004 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -50"/></g>
<g transform="translate(548 266) rotate(0)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M-9 0 Q-6.3 -27.500000000000004 0 -50 Q6.3 -27.500000000000004 9 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M0 -4 L0 -44"/></g>
<circle class="dd-card" cx="676" cy="236" r="5"/>
<path class="dd-card" d="M670 270 L671 246 Q676 242 681 246 L682 270 Z"/>
<path class="dd-lead" d="M686 244 L704 230"/><circle class="dd-lead-dot" cx="684" cy="246" r="2"/>
<text class="t-note" x="706" y="228">小朋友</text>
<path class="dd-lead" d="M556 180 L604 180"/><circle class="dd-lead-dot" cx="553" cy="180" r="2.5"/>
<text class="t-tell" x="610" y="185">花茎有好几层楼高</text>
<text class="t-tell" x="596" y="306" text-anchor="middle">花开完，整棵就死了</text>
</svg>
</div>
<figcaption>图 5 · 竹子和龙舌兰攒了几十年的养分，一次全用来开花结籽（示意图，花茎和小朋友大致按比例）</figcaption>
</figure>

为什么要这样？因为开花、结籽特别费力气。这些植物几十年来一直在攒养分，最后一下子全用在开花上，结出很多很多种子[^agave]。就像存了好多年的零花钱，一次全拿去买了一件最大的礼物。

现在回到开头的桃树：花落了，明年还会开，可明年开的已经是新的花了。

<div class="box">
<span class="box-title">动手试试</span>

**给一朵花写观察日记**

**你需要：** 一盆正在开花的月季（别的盆花也行）、一根细毛线、一支笔、一个本子。

1. 挑一朵刚开的花，在它的花柄上轻轻系一根毛线做记号。
2. 每天同一个时间去看它，把它画下来：花瓣张得多大？颜色变了吗？
3. 花瓣掉了以后，看看花瓣下面的小鼓包，有没有一天天变大。
4. 如果是月季，请大人剪掉残花。过一两个星期，看看剪口下面有没有冒出新芽。

你会发现：做了记号的那朵花，开几天就谢了，再也不会重新开。可是这盆花上，别的花苞还在一朵接一朵地开。
</div>

<figure class="dd dd-figure">
<div class="dd-scroll">
<svg class="dd-svg" viewBox="0 0 800 300" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" aria-labelledby="fl-diary-title fl-diary-desc">
<title id="fl-diary-title">观察日记：一朵花的几天</title>
<desc id="fl-diary-desc">四页日记。第一天花刚开，花柄上系着一根红毛线做记号；第三天开得最大；第五天花瓣掉了，只剩两片；第八天花瓣全没了，中间的绿色鼓包变大了。</desc>
<rect class="dd-frame" width="800" height="300" rx="10"/>
<rect class="dd-zone" x="16" y="16" width="768" height="268" rx="8"/><text class="t-zone" x="36" y="44">观察日记：同一朵做了记号的花</text><text class="t-note" x="764" y="44" text-anchor="end">示意图</text>
<rect class="dd-card" x="36" y="56" width="168" height="212" rx="6"/>
<path class="dd-card-head" d="M37 89 L37 62 Q37 57 42 57 L198 57 Q203 57 203 62 L203 89 Z"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M36 89 L204 89"/>
<text class="t-label" x="52" y="79">第 1 天</text>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M48 112 L192 112"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M48 136 L192 136"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M48 160 L192 160"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M48 184 L192 184"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M48 208 L192 208"/>
<path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round" d="M120 214 L120 156"/><g transform="translate(120 200) rotate(-30)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9.9 -7 22 0 Q9.9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L18 0"/></g><g transform="translate(120 186) rotate(-150)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9 -7 20 0 Q9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L16 0"/></g>
<path class="dd-edge-acc" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M116 170 Q120 166 124 170 Q120 174 116 170 M123 171 Q132 178 130 188"/>
<g transform="translate(120 138)"><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-11.6" rx="8.9" ry="11.6" transform="rotate(0)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-11.6" rx="8.9" ry="11.6" transform="rotate(72)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-11.6" rx="8.9" ry="11.6" transform="rotate(144)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-11.6" rx="8.9" ry="11.6" transform="rotate(216)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-11.6" rx="8.9" ry="11.6" transform="rotate(288)"/></g><circle style="fill:var(--dd-spec-y);fill-opacity:.5;stroke:var(--dd-spec-o);stroke-width:1" cx="120" cy="138" r="4.2"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M124 139.3 L129.5 141.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="129.5" cy="141.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M122.5 141.4 L125.9 146.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="125.9" cy="146.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M120 142.2 L120 148"/><circle class="f-o" cx="120" cy="148" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M117.5 141.4 L114.1 146.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="114.1" cy="146.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M116 139.3 L110.5 141.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="110.5" cy="141.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M116 136.7 L110.5 134.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="110.5" cy="134.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M117.5 134.6 L114.1 129.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="114.1" cy="129.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M120 133.8 L120 128"/><circle class="f-o" cx="120" cy="128" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M122.5 134.6 L125.9 129.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="125.9" cy="129.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M124 136.7 L129.5 134.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="129.5" cy="134.9" r="1.3"/>
<text class="t-tell" x="120" y="252" text-anchor="middle">刚开</text>
<rect class="dd-card" x="222" y="56" width="168" height="212" rx="6"/>
<path class="dd-card-head" d="M223 89 L223 62 Q223 57 228 57 L384 57 Q389 57 389 62 L389 89 Z"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M222 89 L390 89"/>
<text class="t-label" x="238" y="79">第 3 天</text>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M234 112 L378 112"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M234 136 L378 136"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M234 160 L378 160"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M234 184 L378 184"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M234 208 L378 208"/>
<path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round" d="M306 214 L306 156"/><g transform="translate(306 200) rotate(-30)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9.9 -7 22 0 Q9.9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L18 0"/></g><g transform="translate(306 186) rotate(-150)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9 -7 20 0 Q9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L16 0"/></g>
<path class="dd-edge-acc" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M302 170 Q306 166 310 170 Q306 174 302 170 M309 171 Q318 178 316 188"/>
<g transform="translate(306 136)"><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-15.9" rx="12.3" ry="15.9" transform="rotate(0)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-15.9" rx="12.3" ry="15.9" transform="rotate(72)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-15.9" rx="12.3" ry="15.9" transform="rotate(144)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-15.9" rx="12.3" ry="15.9" transform="rotate(216)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-15.9" rx="12.3" ry="15.9" transform="rotate(288)"/></g><circle style="fill:var(--dd-spec-y);fill-opacity:.5;stroke:var(--dd-spec-o);stroke-width:1" cx="306" cy="136" r="5.8"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M311.5 137.8 L319.1 140.3"/><circle class="f-o" cx="319.1" cy="140.3" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M309.4 140.7 L314.1 147.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="314.1" cy="147.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M306 141.8 L306 149.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="306" cy="149.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M302.6 140.7 L297.9 147.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="297.9" cy="147.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M300.5 137.8 L292.9 140.3"/><circle class="f-o" cx="292.9" cy="140.3" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M300.5 134.2 L292.9 131.7"/><circle class="f-o" cx="292.9" cy="131.7" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M302.6 131.3 L297.9 124.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="297.9" cy="124.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M306 130.2 L306 122.2"/><circle class="f-o" cx="306" cy="122.2" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M309.4 131.3 L314.1 124.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="314.1" cy="124.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M311.5 134.2 L319.1 131.7"/><circle class="f-o" cx="319.1" cy="131.7" r="1.3"/>
<text class="t-tell" x="306" y="252" text-anchor="middle">开得最大</text>
<rect class="dd-card" x="408" y="56" width="168" height="212" rx="6"/>
<path class="dd-card-head" d="M409 89 L409 62 Q409 57 414 57 L570 57 Q575 57 575 62 L575 89 Z"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M408 89 L576 89"/>
<text class="t-label" x="424" y="79">第 5 天</text>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M420 112 L564 112"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M420 136 L564 136"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M420 160 L564 160"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M420 184 L564 184"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M420 208 L564 208"/>
<path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round" d="M492 214 L492 156"/><g transform="translate(492 200) rotate(-30)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9.9 -7 22 0 Q9.9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L18 0"/></g><g transform="translate(492 186) rotate(-150)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9 -7 20 0 Q9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L16 0"/></g>
<path class="dd-edge-acc" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M488 170 Q492 166 496 170 Q492 174 488 170 M495 171 Q504 178 502 188"/>
<g transform="translate(492 140)"><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-14.3" rx="11.1" ry="14.3" transform="rotate(144)"/><ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="0" cy="-14.3" rx="11.1" ry="14.3" transform="rotate(288)"/></g><circle style="fill:var(--dd-spec-y);fill-opacity:.5;stroke:var(--dd-spec-o);stroke-width:1" cx="492" cy="140" r="5.2"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M496.9 141.6 L503.7 143.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="503.7" cy="143.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M495.1 144.2 L499.3 150"/><circle class="f-o" cx="499.3" cy="150" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M492 145.2 L492 152.3"/><circle class="f-o" cx="492" cy="152.3" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M488.9 144.2 L484.7 150"/><circle class="f-o" cx="484.7" cy="150" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M487.1 141.6 L480.3 143.8"/><circle class="f-o" cx="480.3" cy="143.8" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M487.1 138.4 L480.3 136.2"/><circle class="f-o" cx="480.3" cy="136.2" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M488.9 135.8 L484.7 130"/><circle class="f-o" cx="484.7" cy="130" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M492 134.8 L492 127.7"/><circle class="f-o" cx="492" cy="127.7" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M495.1 135.8 L499.3 130"/><circle class="f-o" cx="499.3" cy="130" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M496.9 138.4 L503.7 136.2"/><circle class="f-o" cx="503.7" cy="136.2" r="1.3"/>
<ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="528" cy="178" rx="6" ry="9" transform="rotate(30 528 178)"/>
<ellipse style="fill:var(--dd-spec-r);fill-opacity:.16;stroke:var(--dd-spec-r);stroke-width:1.2" cx="458" cy="200" rx="6" ry="9" transform="rotate(-40 458 200)"/>
<text class="t-tell" x="492" y="252" text-anchor="middle">花瓣掉了</text>
<rect class="dd-card" x="594" y="56" width="168" height="212" rx="6"/>
<path class="dd-card-head" d="M595 89 L595 62 Q595 57 600 57 L756 57 Q761 57 761 62 L761 89 Z"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M594 89 L762 89"/>
<text class="t-label" x="610" y="79">第 8 天</text>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M606 112 L750 112"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M606 136 L750 136"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M606 160 L750 160"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M606 184 L750 184"/>
<path class="dd-hair" d="M606 208 L750 208"/>
<path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round" d="M678 214 L678 156"/><g transform="translate(678 200) rotate(-30)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9.9 -7 22 0 Q9.9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L18 0"/></g><g transform="translate(678 186) rotate(-150)"><path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.2;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2;stroke-linejoin:round" d="M0 0 Q9 -7 20 0 Q9 7 0 0 Z"/><path style="fill:none;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:.8;opacity:.75" d="M2 0 L16 0"/></g>
<path class="dd-edge-acc" style="stroke-width:1.6" d="M674 170 Q678 166 682 170 Q678 174 674 170 M681 171 Q690 178 688 188"/>
<path style="fill:var(--dd-spec-g);fill-opacity:.3;stroke:var(--dd-spec-g);stroke-width:1.2" d="M678 156 C664 156 664 134 678 132 C692 134 692 156 678 156 Z"/>
<path class="dd-lead" d="M679 132.3 L683.7 133.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="683.7" cy="133.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M678.2 133 L679.2 137.9"/><circle class="f-o" cx="679.2" cy="137.9" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M677.3 132.7 L673.5 136"/><circle class="f-o" cx="673.5" cy="136" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M677 131.7 L672.3 130.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="672.3" cy="130.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M677.8 131 L676.8 126.1"/><circle class="f-o" cx="676.8" cy="126.1" r="1.3"/><path class="dd-lead" d="M678.7 131.3 L682.5 128"/><circle class="f-o" cx="682.5" cy="128" r="1.3"/>
<text class="t-tell" x="678" y="252" text-anchor="middle">鼓包变大了</text>
</svg>
</div>
<figcaption>图 6 · 做了记号的那朵花谢了就不再开，鼓包慢慢长大（哪天谢、哪天长大，每种花不一样）</figcaption>
</figure>

<div class="box">
<span class="box-title">注意安全</span>

月季的枝条上有刺，碰的时候要小心。剪残花要用剪刀，请大人来剪。
</div>

## 小结

1. **一朵花只开一次吗？** 通常是。花是用来结种子的，传完粉，花瓣就谢了。
2. **花都开得一样久吗？** 不一样。昙花开一夜，牵牛花开一个早上，睡莲的一朵花能连开三四天。
3. **桃树为什么年年开花？** 它是多年生植物，每年都长出新的花芽。月季长新枝特别勤，一年能开好多茬。
4. **有一辈子只开一次花的植物吗？** 有。竹子、龙舌兰攒了几十年养分，开一次花、结完籽就死了。

开头的猜想，你猜对了吗？

## 参考资料
